20. Derivative Financial Instruments

Derivative financial instruments are recorded in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as either an asset or a liability (in accrued income and other assets or accrued expenses and other liabilities, respectively) and measured at fair value.

Derivatives used in Asset and Liability Management Activities

A variety of derivative financial instruments, principally interest rate swaps, cap, floors, and collars, are used in asset and liability management activities to protect against the risk of adverse price or interest rate movements. These instruments provide flexibility in adjusting Huntington's sensitivity to changes in interest rates without exposure to loss of principal and higher funding requirements. Huntington records derivatives at fair value, as further described in Note 19. Collateral agreements are regularly entered into as part of the underlying derivative agreements with Huntington's counterparties to mitigate counterparty credit risk. At December 31, 2012 and 2011, aggregate credit risk associated with these derivatives, net of collateral that has been pledged by the counterparty, was $17.4 million and $36.4 million, respectively. The credit risk associated with derivatives used in asset and liability management activities is calculated after considering master netting agreements.

At December 31, 2012, Huntington pledged $181.1 million of investment securities and cash collateral to counterparties, while other counterparties pledged $162.5 million of investment securities and cash collateral to Huntington to satisfy collateral netting agreements. In the event of credit downgrades, Huntington would not be required to provide additional collateral.

The following table presents the gross notional values of derivatives used in Huntington's asset and liability management activities at December 31, 2012, identified by the underlying interest rate-sensitive instruments:

The following table presents additional information about the interest rate swaps and caps used in Huntington's asset and liability management activities at December 31, 2012:

These derivative financial instruments were entered into for the purpose of managing the interest rate risk of assets and liabilities. Consequently, net amounts receivable or payable on contracts hedging either interest earning assets or interest bearing liabilities were accrued as an adjustment to either interest income or interest expense. The net amounts resulted in an increase to net interest income of $107.5 million, $113.9 million, and $192.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively.

In connection with securitization activities, Huntington purchased interest rate caps with a notional value totaling $0.6 billion. These purchased caps were assigned to the securitization trust for the benefit of the security holders. Interest rate caps were also sold totaling $0.6 billion outside the securitization structure. Both the purchased and sold caps are marked to market through income.

In connection with the sale of Huntington's Class B Visaâ shares, Huntington entered into a swap agreement with the purchaser of the shares. The swap agreement adjusts for dilution in the conversion ratio of Class B shares resulting from the Visaâ litigation. At December 31 2012, the fair value of the swap liability of $0.4 million is an estimate of the exposure liability based upon Huntington's assessment of the potential Visaâ litigation losses.

The following table presents the fair values at December 31, 2012 and 2011 of Huntington's derivatives that are designated and not designated as hedging instruments. Amounts in the table below are presented gross without the impact of any net collateral arrangements:

Fair value hedges are purchased to convert deposits and subordinated and other long-term debt from fixed-rate obligations to floating rate. The changes in fair value of the derivative are, to the extent that the hedging relationship is effective, recorded through earnings and offset against changes in the fair value of the hedged item.

The following table presents the change in fair value for derivatives designated as fair value hedges as well as the offsetting change in fair value on the hedged item:

For cash flow hedges, interest rate swap contracts were entered into that pay fixed-rate interest in exchange for the receipt of variable-rate interest without the exchange of the contract's underlying notional amount, which effectively converts a portion of its floating-rate debt to a fixed-rate debt. This reduces the potentially adverse impact of increases in interest rates on future interest expense. Other LIBOR-based commercial and industrial loans were effectively converted to fixed-rate by entering into contracts that swap certain variable-rate interest payments for fixed-rate interest payments at designated times.

To the extent these derivatives are effective in offsetting the variability of the hedged cash flows, changes in the derivatives' fair value will not be included in current earnings but are reported as a component of OCI in the Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity. These changes in fair value will be included in earnings of future periods when earnings are also affected by the changes in the hedged cash flows. To the extent these derivatives are not effective, changes in their fair values are immediately included in noninterest income.

The following table presents the gains and (losses) recognized in OCI and the location in the Consolidated Statements of Income of gains and (losses) reclassified from OCI into earnings for derivatives designated as effective cash flow hedges:

Reclassified gains and losses on swaps related to loans and investment securities and swaps related to subordinated debt are recorded within interest income and interest expense, respectively. During the next twelve months, Huntington expects to reclassify to earnings $39.6 million after-tax, of unrealized gains on cash flow hedging derivatives currently in OCI.

The following table presents the gains and (losses) recognized in noninterest income for the ineffective portion of interest rate contracts for derivatives designated as cash flow hedges for the years ending December 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010:

Derivatives used in trading activities

Various derivative financial instruments are offered to enable customers to meet their financing and investing objectives and for their risk management purposes. Derivative financial instruments used in trading activities consisted predominantly of interest rate swaps, but also included interest rate caps, floors, and futures, as well as foreign exchange options. Interest rate options grant the option holder the right to buy or sell an underlying financial instrument for a predetermined price before the contract expires. Interest rate futures are commitments to either purchase or sell a financial instrument at a future date for a specified price or yield and may be settled in cash or through delivery of the underlying financial instrument. Interest rate caps and floors are option-based contracts that entitle the buyer to receive cash payments based on the difference between a designated reference rate and a strike price, applied to a notional amount. Written options, primarily caps, expose Huntington to market risk but not credit risk. Purchased options contain both credit and market risk. The interest rate risk of these customer derivatives is mitigated by entering into similar derivatives having offsetting terms with other counterparties. The credit risk to these customers is evaluated and included in the calculation of fair value.

The net fair values of these derivative financial instruments, for which the gross amounts are included in accrued income and other assets or accrued expenses and other liabilities at December 31, 2012 and 2011, were $63.4 million and $53.2 million, respectively. The total notional values of derivative financial instruments used by Huntington on behalf of customers, including offsetting derivatives, were $12.0 billion and $10.6 billion at December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. Huntington's credit risks from interest rate swaps used for trading purposes were $296.1 million and $309.5 million at the same dates, respectively.

Derivatives used in mortgage banking activities

Huntington also uses certain derivative financial instruments to offset changes in value of its residential MSRs. These derivatives consist primarily of forward interest rate agreements and forward mortgage securities. The derivative instruments used are not designated as hedges. Accordingly, such derivatives are recorded at fair value with changes in fair value reflected in mortgage banking income. The following table summarizes the derivative assets and liabilities used in mortgage banking activities:

The total notional value of these derivative financial instruments at December 31, 2012 and 2011, was $2.3 billion and $1.7 billion, respectively. The total notional amount at December 31, 2012 corresponds to trading assets with a fair value of $6.4 million and trading liabilities with a fair value of $1.0 million. Total MSR hedging gains for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010, were $31.3 million, $42.1 million, and $55.0 million, respectively. Included in total MSR hedging gains for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010 were gains and (losses) related to derivatives instruments of $31.2 million, $42.2 million, and $64.6 million, respectively. These amounts are included in mortgage banking income in the Consolidated Statements of Income.